BIOETHICSWITHLIBERTYANDJUSTICE Philosophy and Medicine VOLUME110 FoundingCo-Editor StuartF.Spicker SeniorEditor H.TristramEngelhardt,Jr.,DepartmentofPhilosophy,RiceUniversity, andBaylorCollegeofMedicine,Houston,Texas AssociateEditor LisaM.Rasmussen,DepartmentofPhilosophy,UniversityofNorthCarolina atCharlotte,NorthCarolina CATHOLICSTUDIESINBIOETHICS SeriesFoundingCo-Editors JohnCollinsHarvey,GeorgetownUniversity,Washington,D.C.,U.S.A. FrancescAbel,InstitutBorjadeBioetica,CenterBorja,Barcelona,Spain SeriesEditor ChristopherTollefsen,UniversityofSouthCarolina,Columbia,SC,U.S.A. EditorialAdvisoryBoard JosephBoyle,St.Michael’sCollege,Toronto,Canada ThomasCavanaugh,UniversityofSanFrancisco,SanFrancisco,CA,U.S.A. MarkCherry,St.Edward’sUniversity,Austin,TX,U.S.A. AnaSmithIltis,WakeForestUniversity,Winston-Salem,NC,U.S.A. BIOETHICS WITH LIBERTY AND JUSTICE Themes in the Work of Joseph M. Boyle Editedby CHRISTOPHERTOLLEFSEN UniversityofSouthCarolina,Columbia,SC,USA 123 Editor Prof.ChristopherTollefsen DepartmentofPhilosophy UniversityofSouthCarolina Columbia,SouthCarolina29208 USA [email protected] ISSN0376-7418 ISBN978-90-481-9790-3 e-ISBN978-90-481-9791-0 DOI10.1007/978-90-481-9791-0 SpringerDordrechtHeidelbergLondonNewYork ©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2011 Nopartofthisworkmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorby anymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,microfilming,recordingorotherwise,withoutwritten permissionfromthePublisher,withtheexceptionofanymaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurpose ofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface BioethicswithLibertyandJustice:ThemesintheWorkofJosephM.Boylebrings togethertheworkofanumberofphilosophers,theologians,andbioethiciststopay tributetoJosephBoyle.Overthepastfortyyears,Boylehascontributedtothedevel- opmentofCatholicthoughtonbioethicalissuesacrossanumberofareas,manyof whicharerepresentedinthisvolume,including:ethicalcontroversiesatthebegin- ningandendoflife;theroleofdoubleeffectinmedicaldecisionmaking;theright tohealthcare;thedevelopmentofaglobalbioethics;andtheapplicationofnatural lawthinkinginmedicalethicscasuistry. In addition to this professional role, Boyle has also been a colleague, mentor, andfriendtomanyofthisvolume’scontributors.Itiswithgratitudeforthesemany roleshehasplayedinourlives,admirationforhisphilosophicalacumen,anddeep affection for Boyle himself, that these essays are offered. We all look forward to manymoreyearsofphilosophicalandpersonalengagementwithJoeontheseand otherissues. As the editor of Bioethics with Liberty and Justice, I would like to add a spe- cial word of thanks to the various authors here assembled for their fine work; it has been a pleasure working with all of them. Thanks are due also to H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., for his stewardship of the Philosophy and Medicine series, and to LisaRasmussen,AssociateEditorofthatseries,forhertremendousassistance,with this,andothervolumesintheCatholicStudiesinBioethicsseries. Columbia,SouthCarolina ChristopherTollefsen v Contents PartI TheSubstantialIdentityThesis 1 WhyAbortionisSeriouslyWrong:TwoViews . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 DonaldMarquis 2 SubstantialIdentity,RationalNature,andtheRighttoLife . . . . 23 PatrickLee PartII MoralandLegalIssuesattheBeginningandEndingofLife 3 EmbryoEthics:JusticeandNascentHumanLife . . . . . . . . . . 43 RobertP.George 4 Compassion and the Personalism of American Jurisprudence:BioethicalEntailments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 R.MaryHaydenLemmons 5 The Significance of the Ultimate End for the Feeding ofPVSPatients:AReplytoKevinO’Rourke . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 PeterF.Ryan,S.J. PartIII DoubleEffectandBioethics 6 PraeterIntentioneminAquinasandIssuesinBioethics . . . . . . . 97 E.ChristianBrugger 7 TheAction-OmissionandDoubleEffectDistinctions . . . . . . . . 113 TimothyChappell PartIV BioethicsandtheNaturalLaw:Challenges 8 GlobalBioethicsandNaturalLaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 AnaS.Iltis 9 GuidedAutonomyandGoodFriendPhysicians . . . . . . . . . . . 163 JanetSmith vii viii Contents PartV TheRighttoHealthCare 10 Social Justice, Charity and Tax Evasion: ACriticalInquiry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 MarkJ.Cherry 11 NaturalLaw,Property,andWelfareRights . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 AndrewLustig 12 HealthCareTechnologyandJustice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 GermainGrisez PartVI BoyleResponds 13 AnAppreciativeResponse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 JosephM.Boyle Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Contributors JosephM.Boyle UniversityofToronto,Toronto,ON,Canada, [email protected] E.ChristianBrugger SaintJohnTheologicalSeminary,Denver,CO,USA, [email protected] TimothyChappell DepartmentofPhilosophy,EthicsCenter,TheOpen University,MiltonKeynes,MK76BJ,UK,[email protected] MarkJ.Cherry St.Edward’sUniversity,Austin,TX,USA, [email protected] RobertP.George PrincetonUniversity,Princeton,NJ,USA, [email protected] GermainGrisez MountSt.Mary’sUniversity,Emmitsburg,MD,USA, [email protected] AnaS.Iltis CenterforBioethics,HealthandSociety,WakeForestUniversity, Winston-Salem,NC,USA,[email protected] PatrickLee FranciscanUniversityofSteubenville,Steubenville,OH,USA, [email protected] DonaldMarquis UniversityofKansas,Lawrence,KS,USA,[email protected] R.MaryHaydenLemmons UniversityofSt.Thomas,St.Paul,MN,USA, [email protected] AndrewLustig DavidsonCollege,Davidson,NC,USA,[email protected] PeterF.Ryan,S.J. MountSt.Mary’sSeminary,Emmitsburg,MD,USA, [email protected] JanetSmith SacredHeartMajorSeminary,Detroit,MI,USA, [email protected] ix Part I The Substantial Identity Thesis