Universitatea “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Facultatea de Informatică Prof. Dr. Lenuța Alboaie [email protected] Cloud Computing - Imagine de ansamblu- -I- Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria Cuprins • De ce Cloud Computing? • Istorie & Evolutie • Grid/Cluster computing – aspecte generale • Cloud Computing – definitii • Grid versus Cloud • Cloud Computing - aspecte 2 Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria Cloud Computing • Ati folosit Cloud Computing? 3 Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria Cloud Computing • Cloud computing “in buzunar”? 4 Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria De ce Cloud Computing? • Intelegerea principiilor de baza (Curs 2 ….) – Cum se poate construi ceva ce este scalabil, robust, etc.? – Diverse medii de dezvoltare • Ce este in spatele unei platforme Cloud? – Cum functioneaza? Avantajele? Dezavantaje? – Tehnologii: Web Services, SOA, Ajax, JSON/XML, NoSQL, MapReduce,…. • Vrei sa construiesti urmatorul Facebook? – Scalabilitate, eficienta, rezistenta la erori, securitate, … • Cunoasterea impactului asupra societatii (Curs 13) – Vulnerabilitati, elemente legate de securitate, … • Anticiparea unui viitor posibil (Curs 14) • Cum s-a ajuns la Cloud Computing? (Acum) Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria Istorie & Evolutie • 1945-1985: “computers were large and expensive” • … imbunatatiri: Networking Processors Memory Storage Protocols 6 Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria Istorie & Evolutie • Industria microprocesoarelor (8-biti, 16,32,64,…) a cunoscut o evolutie rapida • Computerele au devenit – De dimensiuni mai mici – Costuri mai ieftine – Mai rapide • “…from machine that cost 10 million dollars and executed 1 instruction per second we have come to machines that cost 1000 dollars and are able to execute 1 billion instructions per second, a price/performance gain of 1013” 7 Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria Istorie & Evolutie An Cost ($/MB) Capacitate (media) 1977 $32,000 16K 1987 $250 640K-2MB 1997 $2 64MB-256MB 2007 $0.06 512MB-2GB+ 2014 $0.0091 4GB->… 2021 $0.00.. 16GB->… [http://www.cs.rutgers.edu/~pxk/] [http://www.statisticbrain.com/average-historic-price-of-ram/] 8 Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria Istorie & Evolutie • 1977: 310KB floppy drive ~ $1480 • 1987: 40 MB drive ~ $679 • 2008: 750 GB drive ~ $99 • 2021: 3-4TB drive ~ $100 • “Recording density increased over 60,000,000 times over 50 years” [http://www.cs.rutgers.edu/~pxk/] 9 Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria Istorie & Evolutie 1961-1972: primele incercari de comunicare prin schimbare de pachete • 1961: Kleinrock – propune un model teoretic • 1967: ARPAnet este proiectat de Advanced Research Projects Agency • 1969: primul nod operational ARPAnet, retea de 4 calculatoare • 1972: • demonstratie publica a tehnologiilor ARPAnet • NCP (Network Control Protocol) primul protocol host-host • primul program de posta electronica (e-mail); se introduce simbolul @ • ARPAnet are 15 noduri 10 Cloud Computing – http://www.info.uaic.ro/~adria