Hannah
Arendt 1906‐1975 Origins
of
Totalitarianism
(1951) decline
of
the
na-on‐state
and
the
end
of the
rights
of
man • collapse
of
the
mul@‐na@onal empires
and
rise
of
na@onalism • Appears
like
expansion
of
na@on state
system
in
Europe Decline
of
na@on
state • Dissolu@on
of
solidarity
between
the formerly
oppressed
na@ons • Movement
from
republican
state:
na@on defined
by
common
legal
ci@zenship
in
a shared
poli@cal
community • To
na@onal
state:
na@on
defined
by
common origins,
blood,
language,
culture,
religion, race Decline
of
na@on
state
2 • No
longer
the
state
that
defines
the na@on
but
the
na@on
that
defines
state • The
‘decline
of
the
na@on‐state’
= transforma@on
of
the
state
from
an instrument
of
law
to
an
instrument
of na@on New
internal
poli@cal
divisions • division
of
na@on
into
four
poli@cal classes: –state
peoples –unequal
partners –minori/es –stateless
peoples Minori@es
and
stateless
persons • Rights
of
minori@es
mean
only
na@onals could
be
full
ci@zens • Crea@on
of
new
class
of
stateless
persons who
lack
the
right
to
have
rights • Displaced
persons
have
no
poli@cal community
to
enforce
their
rights End
of
the
rights
of
man • Theore@cally
rights
belong
to
every human
but
prac@cally
dependent on
na@on
that
grants
these
rights • In
origin
rights
of
man
indicate
the inalienable
dignity
of
each individual
no
power
could
deny • in
prac@ce
dependent
on
poli@cal infrastructure
of
na@on‐states