Implement, Improve and Expand Your Statewide Longitudinal Data System Wiley & SAS Business Series The Wiley & SAS Business Series presents books that help senior-level managers with their critical management decisions. Titles in the Wiley & SAS Business Series include: Activity-Based Management for Financial Institutions: Driving Bottom- Line Results by Brent Bahnub Big Data Analytics: Turning Big Data into Big Money by Frank Ohlhorst Branded! How Retailers Engage Consumers with Social Media and Mobil- ity by Bernie Brennan and Lori Schafer Business Analytics for Customer Intelligence by Gert Laursen Business Analytics for Managers: Taking Business Intelligence beyond Reporting by Gert Laursen and Jesper Thorlund The Business Forecasting Deal: Exposing Bad Practices and Providing Practical Solutions by Michael Gilliland Business Intelligence Success Factors: Tools for Aligning Your Business in the Global Economy by Olivia Parr Rud CIO Best Practices: Enabling Strategic Value with Information Technology, Second Edition by Joe Stenzel Connecting Organizational Silos: Taking Knowledge Flow Management to the Next Level with Social Media by Frank Leistner Credit Risk Assessment: The New Lending System for Borrowers, Lenders, and Investors by Clark Abrahams and Mingyuan Zhang Credit Risk Scorecards: Developing and Implementing Intelligent Credit Scoring by Naeem Siddiqi The Data Asset: How Smart Companies Govern Their Data for Business Success by Tony Fisher Delivering Business Analytics: Practical Guidelines for Best Practice by Evan Stubbs Demand-Driven Forecasting: A Structured Approach to Forecasting, Second Edition by Charles Chase Demand-Driven Inventory Optimization and Replenishment: Creating a More Efficient Supply Chain by Robert A. Davis The Executive’s Guide to Enterprise Social Media Strategy: How Social Networks Are Radically Transforming Your Business by David Thomas and Mike Barlow Economic and Business Forecasting: Analyzing and Interpreting Econo- metric Results by John Silvia, Azhar Iqbal, Kaylyn Swankoski, Sarah Watt, and Sam Bullard Executive’s Guide to Solvency II by David Buckham, Jason Wahl, and Stuart Rose Fair Lending Compliance: Intelligence and Implications for Credit Risk Management by Clark R. Abrahams and Mingyuan Zhang Foreign Currency Financial Reporting from Euros to Yen to Yuan: A Guide to Fundamental Concepts and Practical Applications by Robert Rowan Health Analytics: Gaining the Insights to Transform Health Care by Jason Burke Human Capital Analytics: How to Harness the Potential of Your Organiza- tion’s Greatest Asset by Gene Pease, Boyce Byerly, and Jac Fitz-enz Information Revolution: Using the Information Evolution Model to Grow Your Business by Jim Davis, Gloria J. Miller, and Allan Russell Manufacturing Best Practices: Optimizing Productivity and Product Quality by Bobby Hull Marketing Automation: Practical Steps to More Effective Direct Marketing by Jeff LeSueur Mastering Organizational Knowledge Flow: How to Make Knowledge Sharing Work by Frank Leistner The New Know: Innovation Powered by Analytics by Thornton May Performance Management: Integrating Strategy Execution, Methodologies, Risk, and Analytics by Gary Cokins Predictive Business Analytics: Forward-Looking Capabilities to Improve Business Performance by Lawrence Maisel and Gary Cokins Retail Analytics: The Secret Weapon by Emmett Cox Social Network Analysis in Telecommunications by Carlos Andre Reis Pinheiro Statistical Thinking: Improving Business Performance, Second Edition by Roger W. Hoerl and Ronald D. Snee Taming the Big Data Tidal Wave: Finding Opportunities in Huge Data Streams with Advanced Analytics by Bill Franks Too Big to Ignore: The Business Case for Big Data by Phil Simon The Value of Business Analytics: Identifying the Path to Profitability by Evan Stubbs Visual Six Sigma: Making Data Analysis Lean by Ian Cox, Marie A. Gaudard, Philip J. Ramsey, Mia L. Stephens, and Leo Wright Win with Advanced Business Analytics: Creating Business Value from Your Data by Jean Paul Isson and Jesse Harriott For more information on any of the above titles, please visit www.wiley.com. Implement, Improve and Expand Your Statewide Longitudinal Data System Creating a Culture of Data in Education Jamie McQuiggan Armistead W. Sapp III Cover Image: © iStockphoto/Vesnaandjic; iStockphoto/FotoMak Cover Design: Michael Rutkowski Copyright © 2014 by SAS Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. 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Sapp. pages cm. — (Wiley and SAS business series) ISBN 978-1-118-46677-3 (hardback); ISBN 978-1-118-84150-1 (ePDF); ISBN 978-1-118-84154-9 (ePub); ISBN 978-1-118-84156-3 (oBook) 1. Educational statistics—Computer programs. 2. Longitudinal method—Data processing. I. Sapp, Armistead W. II. Title. LB2846.M3994 2014 370.72'7—dc23 2013039757 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is dedicated to the children. After all, it’s really about them.