Many metaphors go beyond pionting to the existing similarities  between two objects -- they create the similarities. Such metaphors,  which have been relegated to the back seat in most of the cognitive  science research, are the focus of attention in this study, which  addresses the creation of similarity within an elaborately laid out  interactive framework of cognition. Starting from the constructivist  views of Nelson Goodman and Jean Piaget, this framework resolves an  apparent paradox in interactionism: how can reality not have a  mind-independent ontology and structure, but still manage to constrain  the possible worlds a cognitive agent can create in it?   A comprehensive theory of metaphor is proposed in this framework that  explains how metaphors can create similarities, and why such metaphors  are an invaluable asset to cognition. The framework is then applied to  related issues of analogical reasoning, induction, and computational  modeling of creative metaphors.

Metaphor and Cognition: An Interactionist Approach PDF

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