In the early 1990s Singapore the Malaysian state of Johor and the Riau Islands in Indonesia sought to leverage their proximity differing factor endowments and good logistics connections to market themselves as an integrated unit Beyond national level support in all three countries the initiative had the support of state and provincial leaders in Johor and Riau respectively Now however the situation is markedly different The Malaysian government and its Johorean equivalent have invested considerable resources in encouraging closer integration with Singapore For its part the Indonesian central government has been promoting special economic zones and export oriented activities However the provincial government of the Riau Islands has turned away from export oriented industrialization preferring instead to promote cultural sub nationalism and traditional economic activities such as fishing and small scale farming This development is counter intuitive Traditional fiscal federalism theory argues that decentralization encourages competition between provinces for investment jobs and growth While Indonesia has undergone one of the world s most far reaching decentralization reforms Malaysia has pursued a consistent centralization campaign at the expense of state governments Thus we would expect the Riau Islands entrepreneurial drive to be unleashed and Johor s to be smothered However Johor s drive for capital is undiminished while the Riau Islands pursuit of investment has dissipated This monograph will explore the reasons for this paradox This book provides a path breaking analysis of how Johor and the Riau Islands have competed with each other for FDI from Singapore in the electronics sector It sheds light on how the institutional and incentive structures facing these regions have encouraged or discouraged policy innovation and dynamism The rigorous analysis of financial and investment data in this book provides a convincing challenge to the conventional wisdom that proximity and cost differentials inevitably lead to closer economic integration Professor Shujiro Urata Waseda University

Mirror Images in Different Frames?: Johor, the Riau Islands, and Competition for Investment from Singapore by Francis E Hutchinson (2015-05-30) PDF

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