Mission, Science, and Race in South Africa Mission, Science, and Race in South Africa A. W. Roberts of Lovedale, 1883–1938 Keith Snedegar LEXINGTONBOOKS Lanham•Boulder•NewYork•London This page intentionally left blank PublishedbyLexingtonBooks AnimprintofTheRowman&LittlefieldPublishingGroup,Inc. 4501ForbesBoulevard,Suite200,Lanham,Maryland20706 www.rowman.com UnitA,WhitacreMews,26-34StannaryStreet,LondonSE114AB Copyright©2015byLexingtonBooks Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorbyany electronicormechanicalmeans,includinginformationstorageandretrievalsystems, withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher,exceptbyareviewerwhomayquote passagesinareview. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationInformationAvailable LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Snedegar,Keith,1961-author. Mission,science,andraceinSouthAfrica:A.W.RobertsofLovedale,1883-1938/KeithSnedegar. pagescm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-7391-9624-3(cloth:alk.paper)--ISBN978-0-7391-9625-0(electronic) 1.Roberts,Alex.W.(AlexanderWilliam),1857-1938.2.Missionaries--SouthAfrica--Biography.3. Astronomers--SouthAfrica--Biography.4.Missionaries--Scotland--Biography.5.Missions--Educa- tionalwork--SouthAfrica.6.Missions,Scottish--SouthAfrica.I.Title. BV3557.R63S642015 266'.52092--dc23 [B] 2015024045 TMThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsofAmerican NationalStandardforInformationSciencesPermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibrary Materials,ANSI/NISOZ39.48-1992. PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Contents Acknowledgments xi 1 AttheCrossroads 1 2 NotaMereProfessional 17 3 InOneSenseIHaveEntereduponMyLife’sPurpose 35 4 ButIAmaServantandMustFulfillMyService 57 5 IShallNotVentureuponPolitics 77 6 AManIsNotOnlyBetterthanaSheep,HeIsBetterthana Star 99 7 TheStateisaSevereTaskmaster 123 8 MemoriesofanExpatriatedScot 147 Appendix:StarsObservedbyA.W.Roberts 159 Abbreviations 167 SelectedBibliography 169 Index 179 AbouttheAuthor 189 ix