Generally, ontological categories are understood to express the most general features of reality; however, obtaining a  complete category list is difficult. This volume examines how Aquinas establishes the list of categories through a technique of identifying diversity–in how predicates are related to their subjects. A sophisticated critique by Scotus is also examined–a rejection which is fundamentally grounded in the idea that no real distinction can be made from a logical one. It is argued Aquinas’s approach can be rehabilitated in that real distinctions are possible when specifically considering modes of predication. This discussion between Aquinas and Scotus bears fruit in a contemporary context insofar as it bears upon, strengthens, and seeks to correct Lowe’s four-category ontology view regarding the identity and relation of the categories.

On Determining What There Is: The Identity of Ontological Categories in Aquinas, Scotus and Lowe (Foundations of Ontology) PDF

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