Quantitative Methods in Reservoir Engineering Quantitative Methods in Reservoir Engineering Second Edition Wilson C. Chin StratamagneticSoftware, LLC Houston,Texasand Beijing, China AMSTERDAM (cid:129) BOSTON (cid:129) HEIDELBERG (cid:129) LONDON NEW YORK (cid:129) OXFORD (cid:129) PARIS (cid:129) SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO (cid:129) SINGAPORE (cid:129) SYDNEY (cid:129) TOKYO Gulf Professional Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier GulfProfessionalPublishingisanimprintofElsevier 50HampshireStreet,5thFloor,Cambridge,MA02139,UnitedStates TheBoulevard,LangfordLane,Kidlington,Oxford,OX51GB,UnitedKingdom Copyright©2017,2002ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved. 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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN:978-0-12-810518-4 ForinformationonallGulfProfessionalpublications visitourwebsiteathttps://www.elsevier.com/ Publisher:JoeHayton AcquisitionEditor:KatieHammon EditorialProjectManager:KattieWashington ProductionProjectManager:VijayarajPurushothaman CoverDesigner:GregHarris TypesetbySPiGlobal,India About the Author Wilson C. Chin earned his PhD from theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnol- ogy and his MSc from the California Institute ofTechnology. Hehasauthoredmorethanonehun- dred papers, over three dozen patents, and fifteen books in petroleum engi- neering,manywithElsevier.Hisinter- estsincludeformationtesting,reservoir engineering, acoustic and resistivity logging, MWD design, and managed pressure drilling. Professional Interests xix xx AbouttheAuthor Contact information Email: [email protected] United States cell:(832) 483-6899 Scientific Book Publications Fifteen original books, describing personal research in reservoir engineer- ing,electromagnetics,formationevaluation,Measurement-While-Drilling, sensor design, anddrilling and cementing rheology, namely, l Resistivity Modeling: Propagation, Laterolog and Micro-Pad Analysis (John Wiley &Sons, 2016) l ReservoirEngineeringinModernOilfields:Vertical,Deviated,Horizontal andMultilateral Well Systems (John Wiley &Sons, 2016) l Quantitative Methods in Reservoir Engineering, 2nd Edition—with New TopicsinFormationTestingandMultilateralWellFlowAnalysis(Elsevier, 2016) l Formation Testing: Low Mobility Pressure Transient Analysis (with CNOOC, JohnWiley &Sons,2015) l Wave Propagation in Drilling, Well Logging and Reservoir Applications (John Wiley, 2014) l Measurement-While-Drilling Signal Analysis, Optimization and Design (with CNPC, JohnWiley, 2014) l ElectromagneticWellLogging:ModelsforMWD/LWDInterpretationand ToolDesign(John Wiley, 2014) l Formation Testing Pressure Transient and Contamination Analysis (with CNOOC, JohnWiley, 2014) l Managed Pressure Drilling: Modeling, Strategy and Planning (Elsevier, 2012) l QuantitativeMethodsin Reservoir Engineering (Elsevier, 2002) l ComputationalRheology for Pipeline andAnnular Flow (Elsevier, 2001) l Formation Invasion, with Applications to Measurement-While-Drilling, Time Lapse Analysis and FormationDamage(Gulf Publishing, 1995) l Wave Propagation in Petroleum Engineering, with Applications to Drill- stringVibrations,Measurement-While-Drilling,Swab-SurgeandGeophys- ics (Gulf Publishing, 1994) l Modern Reservoir Flow and Well Transient Analysis (Gulf Publishing, 1993) l BoreholeFlowModelinginHorizontal,DeviatedandVerticalWells(Gulf Publishing,1992) AbouttheAuthor xxi United States Patents l U.S. Patent No. 7,243,537. Methods for Measuring a Formation Super- chargePressure,withM.Proett,J.Beique,J.Hardin,J.Fogal,D.Welshans, andG. Gray,Jul. 17,2007 l U.S.PatentNo.7,224,162.SystemandMethodsforUpscalingPetrophysi- cal Data, with M. Proett, J.Fogal, andP. Aadireddy, May 29, 2007 l U.S. Patent No. 7,082,078. Magneto-Rheological Fluid Controlled Mud Pulser, with M. Fripp andN. Skinner, Jul. 25, 2006 l U.S. Patent No. 7,059,179. Multi-Probe Pressure Transient Analysis for DeterminationofHorizontalPermeability,AnisotropyandSkininanEarth Formation,with M. Proett, Jun. 13, 2006 l U.S.PatentNo.6,327,538.MethodandApparatusforEvaluatingStoneley Waves, and for Determining Formation Parameters in Response Thereto, Dec. 4,2001 l U.S.PatentNo.5,969,638.MultipleTransducerMWDSurfaceSignalPro- cessing, Oct. 19, 1999 l U.S.Patent No.5,831,177. FluidDrivenSiren Flowmeter, withJ.Anders, M.Proett,and M.Waid, Nov. 3,1998 l U.S.PatentNo.5,787,052.SnapActionRotaryPulser,withW.Gardner,Jul. 28,1998 l U.S. Patent No. 5,740,126. Turbosiren Signal Generator for Measurement While DrillingSystems, with T. Ritter,Apr.14,1998 l U.S. Patent No. 5,703,286. Method of Formation Testing, with M. Proett andC. Chen,Dec.30,1997 l U.S. Patent No. 5,672,819. Formation Evaluation Using Phase Shift Peri- odic Pressure Pulse Testing, with M. Proett, Sept. 30,1997 l U.S.PatentNo.5,644,076.WirelineFormationTesterSuperchargeCorrec- tionMethod, with M. Proett and M.Waid,Jul. 1,1997 l U.S. Patent No. 5,586,083. Turbosiren Signal Generator for Measurement While DrillingSystems, with T. Ritter,Dec.17,1996 l U.S. Patent No. 5,583,827. Measurement-While-Drilling System and Method, Dec. 10, 1996 l U.S. Patent No. 5,535,177. MWD Surface Signal Detector Having EnhancedAcoustic Detection Means, with K. Hamlin, Jul. 9,1996 l U.S.PatentNo.5,515,336.MWDSurfaceSignalDetectorHavingBypass Loop Acoustic Detection Means, with W. Gardner and M. Waid, May 7,1996 l U. S. Patent No. 5,459,697. MWD Surface Signal Detector Having EnhancedAcoustic Detection Means, with K. Hamlin, Oct. 17, 1995 l U.S.PatentNo.4,785,300.PressurePulseGenerator,withJ.Trevino,Nov. 15,1988 xxii AbouttheAuthor Recent Patent Applications l FormationEvaluationUsingPhaseShiftPeriodicPressurePulseTestingin Anisotropic Media,Jun. 2015 l MultipleDrawdownPressureTransientAnalysisforLowMobilityForma- tion Testing, Jun. 2015 l High Signal Strength Mud Siren for MWD Telemetry, with K. Iftikhar, Jan. 2016 l High Speed Telemetry SignalProcessing, with Y.Jiang, May 2016 International and Domestic Patents l CA2556937, 9/21/2010, Methods for measuring a formation supercharge pressure l BRPI0508357,7/24/2007,M(cid:1)etodoparadeterminarapressa˜odesupercarga em uma formac¸a˜ointerceptada porum furo desondagem l US7243537, 7/17/2007, Methods for measuring a formation supercharge pressure l US7224162,5/29/2007,Systemandmethodsforupscalingpetrophysicaldata l CA2156224,10/17/2006,MWDsurfacesignaldetectorhavingbypassloop acousticdetectionmeans l CA2156223, 8/1/2006, MWD surface signal detector having bypass loop acousticdetectionmeans l US7082078, 7/25/2006, Magneto-rheological fluid controlled mud pulser l US7059179,6/13/2006,Multi-probepressuretransientanalysisfordetermi- nationofhorizontalpermeability,anisotropyandskininanearthformation l WO2005084332, 9/15/2005, Methods for measuring a formation super- charge pressure l WO2005036338,4/21/2005,Systemandmethodsforupscalingpetrophysi- cal data l WO2005017301,2/24/2005,Electroactive fluidcontrolled mud pulser l US06327538, 12/04/2001, Method and apparatus for evaluating Stoneley waves, andfor determiningformation parametersinresponse thereto l EP00936477A3, 12/13/2000, Evaluating Stoneley waves and formation parameters l EP1053488, 11/22/2000, Multiple transducer MWD surface signal processing l NO20003826A, 09/26/2000, Behandling av signal fra multippel MWD- transducerp overflaten l NO20003826A0, 07/26/2000, Behandling av signal fra multippel MWD- transducerp overflaten l EP00747571B1, 02/02/2000, Downhole pressure pulse generator l EP0950795,10/20/1999,Toolforandmethodofgeologicalformationeval- uation testing AbouttheAuthor xxiii l US5969638, 10/19/1999, Multiple transducer MWD surface signal processing l NO00990872A,10/18/1999,Verktoeyogfremgangsmteforgeologiskfor- masjonsevaluering ogtesting l EP936477A2, 8/18/1999, Evaluating Stoneley waves and formation parameters l NO00990615A, 8/18/1999, Evaluering av Stoneley-boelger og formasjonsparametre l WO09938032, 7/29/1999, Multiple transducer MWD surface signal processing l NO00990872A0,02/24/1999,Verktyogfremgangsmteforgeologiskfor- masjonsevaluering ogtesting l NO00990615A0, 02/09/1999, Evaluering av Stoneley-boelger og formasjonsparametre l US05831177,11/03/1998,Fluid drivensiren flowmeter l US05787052,07/28/1998,Snapactionrotary pulser l US05740126, 04/14/1998, Turbo-siren signal generator for measurement while drilling systems l US05703286,12/30/1997,Method offormation testing l EP0747571, 12/11/1996, Downholepressure pulsegenerator l US05672819,09/30/1997,Formationevaluationusingphaseshiftperiodic pressure pulsetesting l EP00697499A3,07/30/1997,Apparatusfordetectinganacousticsignalin drilling mud l US05644076,07/01/1997,Wirelineformationtestersuperchargecorrection method l US05586083, 12/17/1996, Turbo siren signal generator for measurement while drilling systems l EP00747571A2, 12/11/1996, Downhole pressure pulse generator l US05583827,12/10/1996,Measurement-while-drillingsystemandmethod l US05535177, 07/09/1996, MWD surface signal detector having enhanced acoustic detectionmeans l US05515336,05/07/1996,MWDsurfacesignaldetectorhavingbypassloop acoustic detectionmeans l EP00697498,02/21/1996,Apparatusfordetectingpressurepulsesinadril- lingfluidsupply l EP00697499A2,02/21/1996,Apparatusfordetectinganacousticsignalin drilling mud l EP00697498A2, 02/21/1996, Apparatus for detecting pressure pulses in a drilling fluid supply l NO00953224A, 02/19/1996, Anordning til paavisning av trykkpulser i en ledning for tilfoersel av borevaeske l NO00953223A, 02/19/1996, Overflate-signaldetektor for maaling I loepet avboringenmed forsterket akustiskdetektorinnretning xxiv AbouttheAuthor l CA02156224AA,02/18/1996,MWDsurfacesignaldetectorhavingbypass loop acousticdetectionmeans l CA02156223AA, 02/18/1996, MWD surface signal detector having enhancedacousticdetectionmeans l US05459697, 10/17/1995, MWD surface signal detector having enhanced acousticdetectionmeans l NO00953224A0, 08/16/1995, Anordning for aa detektere trykkpulser I en borefluid l NO00953223A0,08/16/1995,Overflate-signaldetektorformaalingIloepet avboringenmed forsterket akustisk detektorinnretning l US4785300, 11/15/1988, Pressure pulsegenerator l CA1228909, 11/03/1987, Pressure pulse generator l BRPI8405278,8/27/1985,Gerador de pulsos depressao l EP0140788, 5/8/1985, Pressure pulse generator l NO00844026A,04/25/1985, Trykkpulsgenerator Journal Articles and Conference Publications Single-authored unlessnotedotherwise. l Exact Three-Dimensional Electromagnetic Model: MWD/LWD Aniso- tropicPredictionforR andR ,JournalofSustainableEnergyEngineering, h v 2015 l High-Data-RateMeasurement-While-DrillingSystemforVeryDeepWells, withY.Su,L.Sheng,L.Li,H.BianandR.Shi,WellLoggingTechnology Journal, Xi’an,China, Dec. 2014 l Strategies in High-Speed MWD Mud Pulse Telemetry, with Y. Su, L. Sheng, L. Li, H. Bian, R. Shi and X. Zhuang, Journal of Sustainable Energy Engineering, Dec. 2014 l Formation Testing: New Methods for Rapid Mobility and Pore Pressure Prediction, with Y. Zhou, Z. Hao, Y. Feng and Q. Yu, Paper OTC- 24890-MS,2014OffshoreTechnologyConferenceAsia(OTCAsia),Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,Mar.25–28,2014 l Formation Testing: New Methods for Rapid Mobility and Pore Pressure Prediction, with Y. Zhou, L. Zhao, Y. Feng and Q. Yu, Paper 17214, 7th International Petroleum Technology Conference (IPTC), Doha, Qatar, Jan. 19–22, 2014 l FormationTesterFlowAnalysisinAnisotropicMediaWithFlowlineStor- age and Skin at Arbitrary Dip, Well Logging Technology Journal, Xi’an, China, Feb.2013 l AdvancesinSwab-SurgeModelingforManagedPressureDrilling,withX. Zhuang, Paper OTC-21115-PP, 2011 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, TX, May 2–5,2011 AbouttheAuthor xxv l Effect of Rotation on Flowrate and Pressure Gradient in Eccentric Holes, withX.Zhuang,PaperAADE-11-NTCE-45,AADE2011NationalTechni- cal Conference and Exhibition, Houston,TX, Apr. 12–14, 2011 l Advances in Swab-Surge Modeling for Managed Pressure Drilling, with X. Zhuang, Paper AADE-11-NTCE-46, AADE 2011 National Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston,TX, Apr. 12–14, 2011 l Transient,Multiphase,Three-DimensionalPumpingModelsforCementing and Drilling, with X. Zhuang, Paper AADE-11-NTCE-72, AADE 2011 National Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, TX, Apr. 12– 14,2011 l Comprehensive Annular Flow Models for Drilling and Completions, with X. Zhuang, Paper AADE-11-NTCE-73, AADE 2011 National Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston,TX, Apr. 12–14, 2011 l High-Data-Rate Measurement-While-Drilling System for Very Deep Wells, with Y. Su, L. Sheng, L. Li, H. Bian and R. Shi, Paper AADE-11- NTCE-74, AADE 2011 National Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston,TX, Apr. 12–14, 2011 l Flow Simulation Methods for Managed Pressure Drilling and Cementing, Drilling and Completing Trouble Zones Conference, Galveston, TX, Oct. 19–21, 2010 l Modeling and Simulation of Managed Pressure Drilling for Improved Design, Risk Assessment, Training and Operations, RPSEA Ultra- DeepwaterTechnology Conference, Houston,TX, Jun. 22–23,2010 l Exact Non-Newtonian Flow Analysis of Yield Stress Fluids in Highly Eccentric Borehole Annuli with Pipe or Casing Translation and Rotation, with X. Zhuang, SPE Paper 131234-PP, CPS/SPE International Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition, Beijing,China, Jun. 8–10,2010 l DisplacementofViscoplasticFluidsinEccentricAnnuli:NumericalSimulation and Experimental Validation, with T. Deawwanich, J.C. Liew, Q.D. Nguyen, M.SaveryandN.Tonmukayakul,Chemeca2008Conference,Newcastle,Austra- lia,Sept.28toOct.1,2008 l Laminar Displacement of Viscoplastic Fluids in Eccentric Annuli— Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validations, with M. Savery, P. Tonmukayakul, T. Deawwanich, J. Liew and Q. Dzuy Nguyen, XXII International Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ICTAM 2008), Adelaide, Australia, Aug. 24–29, 2008 l Flow Visualization and Numerical Simulation of Viscoplastic Fluid Displacements in Eccentric Annuli, with Q.D. Nguyen, T. Deawwanich, N. Tonmukayakul and M.R. Savery, XVth International Congress on Rheology (ICR 2008), Society of Rheology 80th Annual Meeting, Monte- rey, CA, Aug. 3–8, 2008 l ModelingCementPlacement Using a New Three-DimensionalFlowSim- ulator,withM.Savery,AADE2008FluidsTechnologyConference,Hous- ton,Apr. 8–9, 2008