The document discusses a study investigating students' understanding of two principles of fluid dynamics - the continuity equation and Bernoulli's equation. 

1) Over 300 undergraduate engineering students were given a questionnaire with questions about fluid flow in pipes. For one question involving flow in an inclined pipe, 45-73% of students selected the right answer but fewer (23-60%) provided explanations based on the continuity equation. 

2) Student reasoning was analyzed qualitatively and four common types of ideas used in explanations were identified. Explanations reflecting the continuity equation were considered correct reasoning. 

3) The study aims to help instructors understand student thinking in fluid dynamics better to develop effective instructional materials. Analysis of student reasoning could help identify

Students' Reasoning in Fluid Dynamics: Bernoulli'S Principle vs. The Continuity Equation PDF

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