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TTTTHHHHEEEE GGGGEEEEOOOOLLLLOOOOGGGGYYYY AAAANNNNDDDD GGGGEEEEOOOOTTTTHHHHEEEERRRRMMMMAAAALLLL AAAACCCCTTTTIIIIVVVVIIIITTTTYYYY OOFF TTHHEE EEAASSTT AAFFRRIICCAANN RRIIFFTT SSYYSSTTEEMM BByy Dr. Peter Omenda KenGen Outline (cid:153) Geothermal energy (cid:153)(cid:153) EEaasstt AAffrriiccaann rriifftt – ggeenneerraall rriiffttiinngg mmooddeell (cid:190)Ethiopian Rift (MER and Afar) (cid:57)(cid:57)GGeotthhermall acttiiviitty (cid:190)Kenya Rift (cid:57)Geothermal activity (cid:190)Western branch (Albertine, Tanganyika- Rukwa-Malawi) (cid:190)SW branch (cid:190) Others - Comoros 2 Geothermal Energy (cid:153) Geothermal is the earth’s internal heat (cid:153)(cid:153) SSources off eartthh’’s hheatt: (cid:190)Heat generated during accretion of earth (cid:190)Heat generated during segregation of earth into layyers due to sinkingg of heavyy elements (cid:190)Radioactivity throughout the earth’s history 3 EEartthh’’s TTemp DDiisttriibbuttiion 1,000 oC 1,200 oC 4,200-5,000 oC 4 Heat Transfer (cid:153)Heat transferred by geological processes (cid:190)(cid:190)RRiifftt zzoonneess, ee.gg. EEaasstt AAffrriiccaann RRiifftt (cid:190)Hotspots, e.g. Hawaii, Yellowstone (cid:190)SSubbdducttiion zones, eg. PPhhiilllliippiines, JJapan 5 Plate Boundaries (cid:153) EARS is part of the worldwide system of active plate boundaries 6 East African Rift System (cid:153) Is part of the Afro- Arabian Rift system: Red Sea-Gulf of Aden- EARS NNUUBBIIAANN MMIICCRROOPPLLAATTEE (cid:153) The EARS extends from Afar to MMozambbiique SOMALI MICROPLATE 7 The Branches (cid:153) The EARS consists of: (cid:190) Eastern Branch (cid:57) Afar Rift (cid:57) Ethiopian Rift (cid:57) Kenya Rift (cid:190) Western Branch (cid:57)(cid:57) AAllbberttiine riifftt (cid:57) L. Tanganyika – Rukwa - L. Malawi (cid:57) SW rift 8 Rifting Process (cid:153)The EARS is described by the active rift model where initiation is byy asthenosppheric upwelling followed by lithospheric extension Crust Asthenosphere Mantle 9 Results of Rifting-1 (cid:153)LAB and Moho is shallow under the rift (cid:153)(cid:153)4400-8800kkmm ooff eexxtteennssiioonn aalloonngg tthhee rriifftt (cid:153)Intermediate to silicic magma bodies occur wiitthhiin crustt (cid:153)Axial volcanism (cid:153)Graben formation 10

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the geology and the geology and geothermal activity geothermal activity of the east african rift system PDF

pages83 Pages
release year2008
file size12.5 MB
languageEnglish

Preview the geology and the geology and geothermal activity geothermal activity of the east african rift system

TTTTHHHHEEEE GGGGEEEEOOOOLLLLOOOOGGGGYYYY AAAANNNNDDDD GGGGEEEEOOOOTTTTHHHHEEEERRRRMMMMAAAALLLL AAAACCCCTTTTIIIIVVVVIIIITTTTYYYY OOFF TTHHEE EEAASSTT AAFFRRIICCAANN RRIIFFTT SSYYSSTTEEMM BByy Dr. Peter Omenda KenGen Outline (cid:153) Geothermal energy (cid:153)(cid:153) EEaasstt AAffrriiccaann rriifftt – ggeenneerraall rriiffttiinngg mmooddeell (cid:190)Ethiopian Rift (MER and Afar) (cid:57)(cid:57)GGeotthhermall acttiiviitty (cid:190)Kenya Rift (cid:57)Geothermal activity (cid:190)Western branch (Albertine, Tanganyika- Rukwa-Malawi) (cid:190)SW branch (cid:190) Others - Comoros 2 Geothermal Energy (cid:153) Geothermal is the earth’s internal heat (cid:153)(cid:153) SSources off eartthh’’s hheatt: (cid:190)Heat generated during accretion of earth (cid:190)Heat generated during segregation of earth into layyers due to sinkingg of heavyy elements (cid:190)Radioactivity throughout the earth’s history 3 EEartthh’’s TTemp DDiisttriibbuttiion 1,000 oC 1,200 oC 4,200-5,000 oC 4 Heat Transfer (cid:153)Heat transferred by geological processes (cid:190)(cid:190)RRiifftt zzoonneess, ee.gg. EEaasstt AAffrriiccaann RRiifftt (cid:190)Hotspots, e.g. Hawaii, Yellowstone (cid:190)SSubbdducttiion zones, eg. PPhhiilllliippiines, JJapan 5 Plate Boundaries (cid:153) EARS is part of the worldwide system of active plate boundaries 6 East African Rift System (cid:153) Is part of the Afro- Arabian Rift system: Red Sea-Gulf of Aden- EARS NNUUBBIIAANN MMIICCRROOPPLLAATTEE (cid:153) The EARS extends from Afar to MMozambbiique SOMALI MICROPLATE 7 The Branches (cid:153) The EARS consists of: (cid:190) Eastern Branch (cid:57) Afar Rift (cid:57) Ethiopian Rift (cid:57) Kenya Rift (cid:190) Western Branch (cid:57)(cid:57) AAllbberttiine riifftt (cid:57) L. Tanganyika – Rukwa - L. Malawi (cid:57) SW rift 8 Rifting Process (cid:153)The EARS is described by the active rift model where initiation is byy asthenosppheric upwelling followed by lithospheric extension Crust Asthenosphere Mantle 9 Results of Rifting-1 (cid:153)LAB and Moho is shallow under the rift (cid:153)(cid:153)4400-8800kkmm ooff eexxtteennssiioonn aalloonngg tthhee rriifftt (cid:153)Intermediate to silicic magma bodies occur wiitthhiin crustt (cid:153)Axial volcanism (cid:153)Graben formation 10

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